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Material Overview
Sample Preparation Guide

Key points in sample preparation:

1、Cutting

Compared with other metals, titanium has a relatively low thermal conductivity, so water cooling must be used when cutting the sample to prevent local overheating. In addition, the cutting rate and feed rate of the cutting blade should be reduced. Materials are divided into soft and hard. In addition to silicon carbide cutting blades, resin diamond cutting blades with relatively weak bonding strength can also be used for cutting.

      

                                                       Silicon carbide resin cutting blade                                                                               Resin diamond cutting blade

2、Mounting

Titanium and titanium alloys are generally mounted cold. In addition to the decomposition of the stable β phase, hot mounting may also produce hydrogen contamination, because hydrogen in the mounting material may diffuse into the sample under hot conditions, especially for samples with a high α phase content. Since the solubility of hydrogen in the α phase is extremely low, the solubility increases when the temperature rises, and the solubility decreases when cooling, resulting in the precipitation of fine and dispersed titanium hydride.

      

                                                           Titanium alloy mounting                                                                                  MC003 vacuum-free clear cold mounting kit

3、Grinding and polishing

Titanium alloys are usually prepared by mechanical polishing, which requires good control of pressure and speed.

The final polishing is usually repeated for a short period of time.

Since high-purity titanium is prone to surface deformation, electrolytic polishing is generally used to avoid the formation of a metamorphic layer.

The step of grinding & polishing

Coarse Grinding

Fine Grinding

Diamond Coarse Polishing

Diamond Fine Polishing

Oxide polishing

1

Surface

SiC sandpaper

SiC sandpaper

PCY Wool fabric

PCE Long velvet

PCX Neoprene

2

Abrasive Granularity

320#

800#1200#4000#

3μm

1μm

0.04μm

3

Polishing/

Lubricant

/

/

DS001 High performance polycrystalline diamond
suspension

DS001 High performance polycrystalline diamond
suspension

SiS001-JP Silicon dioxide polishing liquid

4

Pressure

30N

25N

25N

20N

15N

5

Rotation Speed

300

300

150

150

150

6

Time/min.

1

2

3~5

2~3

2~5

The above recommended parameters are taken from: Preparation method of Ф30 mm titanium alloy sample with Ф250 mm working plate on automatic grinding and polishing machine Smoothneer-6.

浸蝕

鈦合金通常采用化學侵蝕,侵蝕劑可根據合金成分、狀態及要求來選擇。在鈦合金侵蝕用的試劑中,幾乎都含有一定深度的氫氟酸和硝酸、氫氟酸起腐蝕作用,硝酸使腐蝕表面潔凈光亮。試劑有水、酒精、甘油、乳酸等。氫氟酸水溶劑液試劑侵蝕速度快,難以控制侵蝕程度;酒精、甘油、乳酸等溶劑起緩蝕作用。

常用的鈦及鈦合金化學浸蝕試劑如下:

序號

名稱

組成

試用范圍

備注

1

氫氟酸硝酸水溶液

氫氟酸               2(體積)

硝酸                   1(體積)

                    17(體積)

鈦及鈦合金克氏試劑

Kroll試劑)

浸入法30~60s

2

氫氟酸飽和草酸溶液

氫氟酸                       4ml

飽和草酸溶液         196ml

鈦及鈦合金

浸入法30~60s

3

氫氟酸硝酸甘油

氫氟酸                       5ml

硝酸                          5ml

甘油                        15ml

鈦及鈦合金

浸入法30~60s

 

鈦和鈦合金電解拋光液如下:

序號

配方

電解拋光條件

1

甲醇                                       630ml

丁醇                                         50ml

乙二醇丁醚                             260ml

乙酸                                           2ml

高氯酸                                      60ml

電壓25V~40V,時間10s~30s

2

高氯酸                                      78ml

蒸餾水                                    120ml

乙醇                                       700ml

乙二醇丁醚                             100ml

電壓40V±1V,時間大約5s

組織賞析

 

TA1板材退火后組織 

TC4 3D打印鈦合金

 

 

*以上圖片,未得許可不得轉載,否則將追究法律責任。

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